CDH安装指南(Centos7)

2019/11/01 大数据 共 7302 字,约 21 分钟

 1. 环境说明

  •  软件准备
    • JDK Tar包
    • Mysql RPM及其依赖
    • Mysql JDBC Driver Tar包
    • Clouda RPM及其依赖
    • Parcels文件(CDH,KAFKA等)
  • 本文以三台机器为例,sys01-sys03,其中sys01是主节点,其他是从节点

 

2. 开始前

 2.1 修改主机名并添加到hosts文件

# 设置主机名
hostnamectl set-hostname sys01

# 将主机名和IP映射关系添加到hosts文件
echo "192.168.6.43 sys01
192.168.6.44 sys02
192.168.6.45 sys03" >> /etc/hosts


# 查看hosts文件
cat /etc/hosts

 2.2 关闭Firewalld

# 禁用firewalld
systemctl stop firewalld

# 禁用firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld

#查看firewalld状态
systemctl status firewalld

 2.3 关闭Selinux

# 查看selinux状态,若为enabled即为开启状态
getenforce

# 临时关闭(不用重启机器)
# 设置SELinux 成为permissive模式
setenforce 0     

# 永久关闭
# 修改/etc/selinux/config 文件
# 将SELINUX=enforcing改为SELINUX=disabled
sed -i '/SELINUX=/c SELINUX=disabled' /etc/selinux/config

 2.4 配置ssh免密登陆

# 在A、B机下生成公钥/私钥对,一直回车键到完成
ssh-keygen -t rsa -P ''

# 在主节点执行命令,设置ssh免密到从节点
ssh-copy-id root@sys02
ssh-copy-id root@sys03

# 验证
ssh root@sys02
ssh root@sys03

 2.5 配置YUM源

注:若已经配置好或可以在线安装则本步骤可跳过。

  •  配置repo文件,进入/etc/yum.repos.d,运行命令:vi myrepo.rep
# repo文件格式如下
[33-base]
name=33-base
baseurl=http://10.0.0.33/base/
enabled=1
priority=99
gpgcheck=0

 2.6 同步时区

  •  安装ntp
    • 系统默认已安装NTP,若未安装则运行命令:yum -y install ntp
    • 开启NPT服务: systemctl start ntpd
    • 开机自起:systemctl enable ntpd
    • 硬件、系统时间同步:hwclock –systoh
  • 离线情况下集群时间同步
    • 主节点添加如下配置
      # local clock外部时间服务器不可用时,以本地时间作为时间服务           
      server 127.127.1.0
      fudge 127.127.1.0 stratum 10
      
    • 在主节点之外的机器上配置/etc/ntp.conf文件,在此文件中添加如下配置: 
      server 主节点IP prefer
      注:ip 可以用主机名代替
      

       2.7 安装Oracle JDK

  •  下载jdk tar包 ```bash mkdir /usr/java tar -zxvf jdk-8u231-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/java

    将下面内容添加到/etc/profile

    JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_231 JRE_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}/jre CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin export JAVA_HOME export JRE_HOME export CLASSPATH export PATH

使配置生效

source /etc/profile

检测是否安装成功

java -version





###  2.8 安装和配置数据库Mysql(主节点)

- ​

- 安装mysql先下载mysql的repo源

$ wget [http://repo.mysql.com/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm](http://repo.mysql.com/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm)
​

安装源包,即安装mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm包
$ sudo rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
```bash
yum -y install mysql-server

注:若安装不成功,请检查2.5配置是否正确。

  • 停止mysqld服务
# 停止服务
systemctl stop mysqld
# 查看状态
systemctl status mysql
  • 修改my.cnf文件

运行命令:vi /etc/my.cnf 将内容替换为:

[mysqld]
transaction-isolation = READ-COMMITTED
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks;
# to do so, uncomment this line:
# symbolic-links = 0
key_buffer = 16M
key_buffer_size = 32M
max_allowed_packet = 32M
thread_stack = 256K
thread_cache_size = 64
query_cache_limit = 8M
query_cache_size = 64M
query_cache_type = 1
max_connections = 550
#expire_logs_days = 10
#max_binlog_size = 100M
#log_bin should be on a disk with enough free space. Replace '/var/lib/mysql/mysql_binary_log' with an appropriate path for your system
#and chown the specified folder to the mysql user.
log_bin=/var/lib/mysql/mysql_binary_log

# For MySQL version 5.1.8 or later. Comment out binlog_format for older versions.
binlog_format = mixed
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
sort_buffer_size = 8M
join_buffer_size = 8M

# InnoDB settings
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit  = 2
innodb_log_buffer_size = 64M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 4G
innodb_thread_concurrency = 8
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
innodb_log_file_size = 512M

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
sql_mode=STRICT_ALL_TABLES

注:可依据硬件条件进行调整

  • 设置开机自动启
     # 设置开机自启
    systemctl enable mysqld
    
  • 启动mysql服务
    # 运行命令:
    systemctl start mysqld
    # 查看状态:
    systemctl status mysqld
    
  • 设置mysql密码

$ sudo /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation […] Enter current password for root (enter for none):回车 OK, successfully used password, moving on… […] Set root password? [Y/n] y New password:新密码 Re-enter new password:重复新密码 Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Y […] Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] N […] Remove test database and access to it [Y/n] Y […] Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] Y All done

  • 配置数据库

以root用户进入数据库 $ mysql -u root -p Enter password: 创建数据库和用户并设置相应密​ mysql> create database 数据库名 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> grant all on 数据库名.* TO ‘用户名’@’%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘密码’; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) 创建完exit 全部复制以下内容并执行:

create database amon DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8; grant all on amon.* TO 'amon'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'sys@123';
create database metastore DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8; grant all on metastore.* TO 'hive'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'sys@123';
create database rman DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8; grant all on rman.* TO 'rman'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'sys@123';
create database nav DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8; grant all on nav.* TO 'nav'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'sys@123';
create database navms DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8; grant all on navms.* TO 'navms'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'sys@123';
create database oozie DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8; grant all on oozie.* TO 'oozie'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'sys@123';
create database hue DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8; grant all on hue.* TO 'hue'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'sys@123';

flush privileges;

映射关系如下:

RoleDatabaseUserPassword
Activity Monitoramonamonamon_password
Reports Managerrmanrmanrman_password
Hive Metastore Servermetastorehivehive_password
Sentry Serversentrysentrysentry_password
Cloudera Navigator Audit Servernavnavnav_password
Cloudera Navigator Metadata Servernavmsnavmsnavms_password

 2.9 安装CM

# 主节点
yum install -y cloudera-manager-daemons cloudera-manager-server

# 全部节点,包括主节点
yum install -y cloudera-manager-daemons cloudera-manager-agent

 2.10 安装Mysql JDBC Driver

  • 下载mysql-connector-java-5.1.38.tar.gz
  • 下载网址为:http://www.mysql.com/downloads/connector/j/5.1.html.
  • 解压:tar zxvf mysql-connector-java-5.1.38.tar.gz
  • 将解压的jar文件复制到/usr/share/java/mysql-connector-java.jar
    cp mysql-connector-java-5.1.38/mysql-connector-java-5.1.38-bin.jar /usr/share/java/mysql-connector-java.jar
    

     2.11(主节点)配置Cloudera Manager Server数据库

    进入/usr/share/cmf/schema目录 运行.sh文件并设置相应数据库

    # 命令格式为:./scm_prepare_database.sh [options] (postgresql|mysql|oracle) database username [password]
    ./scm_prepare_database.sh -uroot -p123456 mysql cloudera cic 123456
    

2.12 创建并使用 Parcel 存储库

使用HTTP,Nginx等软件搭建一个Web服务,使得所有节点能够访问并下载parcel包。例如将CDH和KAFKA分文件夹放置在/var/www/html目录下,使用http://localhost/cdh能正常访问。

 3. 开始安装

 3.1 开启Cloudera Manager service服务

# 开启server服务(主节点)
systemctl start cloudera-scm-server
# 查看状态
systemctl status cloudera-scm-server

# 开启agent服务
systemctl start cloudera-scm-agent(各个节点)
# 查看状态
systemctl status cloudera-scm-agent

 3.2 界面安装

image.png

  •  按下图所示操作,按照默认设置,点击”continue”

image.png

image.png

  •  写入主机ip地址,点击”search”

image.png​  image.png

  •  点击下图 More Options选项,配置远程Parcel存储库URL,具体如何创建参见2.12。如下图所示:

cdh-parcels:  http://10.0.0.33/cdh-parcels/ kafka-parcel: http://10.0.0.33/kafka-parcels/ image.png

  •  已安装jdk,不选

image.png

  •  输入Root密码

image.png image.png

 3.3 安装服务

  •  默认安装HDFS/YARN/ZOOKEEPER/HBASE/KAFKA/FLUME六项服务。 

  •  群集设置配置规
    1. 所有组件选择主机的时候,如果没有给出默认值,即显示 “选择主机” ,则不处理
    2. 显示“与 DataNode 相同 ” 的,也不处理,直接修改DataNode节点,其他的就都好了
    3. Hbase:   “Master” 选项,一般需要两个,相互热备,RegionServer 选择所有主机
    4. HDFS : NameNode 和 SecondNameNode各一个节点就好,但是不要放在一起,也是有热备的作用
    5. 节点分配的时候注意分散,不要集中到一台主机上,避免负载过大宕机

      3.4 服务说明

      AP,ES,HM,RM,SM  cloudera services RS  hbase reginserver M  hbase master DN  hdfs datanode NN  hdfs namenode SNN  hdfs secondary namenode B  hdfs ballaner G  spark gateway HS  spark history server S  zookeeper server KB  kafka broker RM  yarn resourcemanager NM  yarn nodemanager JHS  yarn jobhistory serve

 3.5 其他配置

  •  检查主机正确性时出现 “已启用“透明大页面”,它可能会导致重大的性能问题。
# 临时修改:
echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag

# 永久修改:
# vi /etc/rc.local  加入以下两行
echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag

 4. 可能遇到的问题

错误1​ 主机目录Permission denied

解决办法: 修改对应目录权限:chmode  xxx:xxx  目录地址

错误:2: hdfs目录Permission denied: user=mapred, access=WRITE, inode=”/”:hdfs:supergroup:drwxr-xr-x

解决办法: sudo -u hdfs hdfs dfs -chmod 777 / sudo -u hdfs hdfs dfs -chmod 777 /hbase

错误3: Log directory specified does not exist: hdfs://cic01:8020/user/spark/applicationHistory

解决办法: sudo -u hdfs hdfs dfs -chown spark:spark /user/spark

错误4: 需要格式化namenode

解决办法: hdfs—实例—namenode——操作—格式化

错误5: 某些服务没起来 解决办法: 尝试重启对应服务    

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